a b c d 허윤희. "조선 여인 저고리 길이 300년간 2/3나 짧아져". 조선닷컴 (in Korean). Archived from the original on 4 January 2023 . Retrieved 6 September 2019. Female toplessness has been officially legalized (in a nonsexual context) in all public beaches and swimming pools throughout the country (unless otherwise specified by region, province or municipality by-laws) on 20 March 2000, when the Supreme Court of Cassation (through sentence No. 3557) determined that the exposure of the nude female breast, after several decades, is now considered a "commonly accepted behavior", and therefore, has "entered into the social costume". [80] Poland Pasties were and may still be worn by some actresses while filming an otherwise apparently topless or nude scene, which is not caught by the camera angle. [164] A topless pole dancer in a strip club Topless dancing

a b Neutsch, Juliane (11 March 2023). "Oben ohne im Freibad und Hallenbad: Ist das erlaubt?"[Topless in Outdoor and Indoor Pools: Is It Allowed?]. Focus (in German). Archived from the original on 22 July 2023 . Retrieved 22 July 2023. In the 16th century, women's jeogori (an upper garment) was long, wide, and covered the waist. [32] The length of women's jeogori gradually shortened: it was approximately 65cm in the 16th century, 55cm in the 17th century, 45cm in the 18th century, and 28cm in the 19th century, with some as short as 14.5cm. [32] A heoritti (허리띠) or jorinmal (졸잇말) was worn to cover the breasts. [32] The trend of wearing a short jeogori with a heoritti was started by the gisaeng and soon spread to women of the upper class. [32] Among women of the common and lowborn classes, a practice emerged in which they revealed their breasts after childbirth to proudly indicate that they had given birth to a son, i.e., a male heir. [33] Suzanne Barbezat (5 April 2019). "Mexico's Nude Beaches and Resorts". www.tripsavvy.com. TripSavvy. Archived from the original on 8 June 2019 . Retrieved 8 June 2019.

Heidi Klum and Tom Kaulitz

Cuatro localidades donde te multan si vas sin camiseta por la calle". El Confidencial Digital (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 9 September 2023 . Retrieved 10 June 2019. The 10 Best Beaches for Nudism in Greece]. The Toc (in Greek). Archived from the original on 25 July 2015 . Retrieved 21 July 2017. Hollander, Anne (1993). Seeing through clothes. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-08231-1. In 1968 the Hays Code was replaced by the MPAA film rating system. Women now appear topless in mainstream cinema, although usually somewhat briefly. Film critic Roger Ebert argued that there was a double standard in relation to the toplessness of "native" women. He wrote that the producers of Rapa-Nui (1994), which featured repeated scenes of bare-breasted native women, got away with ongoing toplessness because of the women's brown skin: Feminist group take topless protest to Davos". The Telegraph. 28 January 2012. Archived from the original on 28 January 2012.

Nangle, Eleanore (10 June 1964). "Topless Swimsuit Causes Commotion". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on 14 September 2015 . Retrieved 20 August 2015. Although some social attitudes to increased body exposure began to soften during the late 1960s, contemporary Western societies still generally view toplessness unfavorably. During a short period in 1964, "topless" dress designs appeared at fashion shows, but those who wore the dresses in public found themselves arrested on indecency charges. [46] However, toplessness has come to be a feature in contemporary haute couture fashion shows. Film making in other centres were not subject to the Hays Code, but were subject to various national censorship regimes. The Italian film Era lui... sì! sì! (1951), for example, also had a French version which included topless actresses in the harem scene. This version was especially made for the French market, where censorship was less rigorous than in Italy. [160] Social and official attitudes to toplessness and nudity had eased by the 1960s and the Hays Code came under repeated challenge. For example, in Mutiny on the Bounty (1962) all Tahitian girls were topless and there was a long native dance scene, though the topless female dancers' breasts were covered by leis. The historical epic film Hawaii (1966) also featured scenes of topless native girls, their breasts being strategically covered by leis. [ citation needed] Hugues, Donal. "Pics: The Ladybirds. Ray Floyds Topless 60's Girl Band". golfcentraldaily.com. Archived from the original on 30 October 2013 . Retrieved 30 November 2016. Beschwerde gegen Diskriminierung: "Oben ohne" für alle in Berlins Schwimmbädern"[Complaint Against Discrimination: Topless for Everyone in Berlin's Pools]. n-tv (in German). 10 March 2023. Archived from the original on 13 July 2023 . Retrieved 22 July 2023.In Finland, toplessness is not illegal, yet topless women have been removed from beaches. [64] Sandra Marins and Säde Vallarén criticized this and organized Finland's first event demanding topless equality, called Tissiflashmob (Breast flash mob). [65] On Finland's Independence day, 6 December 2019, both Marins and Vallarén showed their breasts on live TV and it sparked a lot of conversation. [66] Tissiflashmob 2020 was bigger than the previous one, now organized at the same time in eight different cities. [67] France Social norms around toplessness vary by context and location. Throughout history, women's breasts have been featured in art and visual media, from painting and sculpture to film and photography, and such representations are generally defended on the grounds of artistic merit. Toplessness may also be deemed acceptable on educational, medical, or political grounds. At many beaches and resort destinations, especially in Europe and Australia, women are either formally or informally permitted to sunbathe topless. However, societies tend to view breast exposure unfavorably, and subject it to stringent regulations or prohibitions. James Kitchling, "Short History of Bikinis and Swimsuits", Articles Central, 2 August 2008 [ dead link] Nöllmann, María (3 January 2022). "Chihuahua cumple 60 años: cómo es la playa nudista de Punta del Este que no pasa de moda". La Nación (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 4 February 2023 . Retrieved 15 June 2022. The Greek traditions were not maintained in the later Etruscan and Roman athletics because its public nudity became associated with homoeroticism. Early Roman masculinity involved prudishness and paranoia about effeminacy. [41] The toga was essential to announce the status and rank of male citizens of the Roman Republic (509–27BCE). [42] The poet Ennius declared, "exposing naked bodies among citizens is the beginning of public disgrace". Cicero endorsed Ennius' words. [43] In the Roman Empire (27 BCE – 476 CE), the status of the upper classes was such that public nudity was of no concern for men, and for women only if seen by their social superiors. [44] At the public Roman baths ( thermae), which had social functions similar to a modern beach, mixed nude bathing may have been the norm up to the fourth century CE. [45] [46] Jews during the Greco-Roman period maintained negative attitudes towards nudity, both as a temptation for illicit sexuality and a distraction from the life of holiness. [47]

Breast-baring female fashions have been traced to 15th-century courtesan Agnès Sorel, mistress to Charles VII of France, whose gowns in the French court sometimes exposed one or both of her breasts. ( Jean Fouquet's portrayal of the Virgin Mary with her left breast uncovered is believed to have taken Sorel as a model.) Aristocratic women sought to immortalise their breasts in paint, as in the case of Simonetta Vespucci, whose portrait with exposed breasts was painted by Piero di Cosimo in c. 1480. During the 16th century, women's fashions displaying their breasts were common in society, from Queens to common prostitutes, and emulated by all classes. [43] The erotic art found in Pompeii and Herculaneum may depict women performing sex acts either naked or often wearing a strophium (strapless bra) that covers the breasts even when otherwise nude. [67] Latin literature describes prostitutes displaying themselves naked at the entrance to their brothel cubicles, or wearing see-through silk garments. [53] EFE. "L'Ametlla del Vallès permitirá el toples en sus piscinas municipales tras consultar a las mujeres". Público (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 3 April 2023 . Retrieved 10 June 2019. El 60,9% del total de mujeres empadronadas de L'Ametlla del Vallès y mayores de 16 años han votado a favor de la práctica bio... Rudi Gernreich" (in German). Archived from the original on 25 July 2023 . Retrieved 14 January 2010.A case in Erie, Pennsylvania, concerning the exposure of breasts and nipple proceeded to the US Supreme Court. [12] The Erie ordinance was regulating the nipple in public as an act that is committed when a person "knowingly or intentionally, ... appears in a state of nudity commits Public Indecency." Later in the statute, nudity is further described as an uncovered female nipple. But nipple exposure of a man was not regulated. An opinion column credited to Cecil Adams noted: "Ponder the significance of that. A man walks around bare-chested and the worst that happens is he won't get served in restaurants. But a woman who goes topless is legally in the same boat as if she'd had sex in public. That may seem crazy, but in the US it's a permissible law." [10] Eventually the beefy young Connery would be encouraged to enter the Mr. Universe contest, during which he caught the eye of a local casting director who gave him his first acting role in a London production of South Pacific. Storey, Mark (2010). "The Ups and Downs of a Mexican Nude Beach Proposal" (PDF). Naturist Action Committee. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 February 2021 . Retrieved 8 June 2019. Dewar, Gwen (October 2012). "The sexualization of girls: Is the popular culture harming our kids?". Parenting Science. Archived from the original on 25 December 2022. Barechestedness is the state of a man or boy wearing no clothes above the waist, exposing the upper torso. Bare male chests are generally considered acceptable in or around the house; at beaches, swimming pools and sunbathing areas; when exercising outside in hot weather; and in certain outdoor construction work settings. However, some stores and restaurants have a "no shirt, no service" rule to prevent barechested men from coming inside. [4] [5] While going barechested at outdoor activities may be acceptable, it is taboo in workplaces, churches and other formal settings.

The word "topless" usually refers to a woman who is naked above her waist or hips or, at least, whose breasts are exposed to public view, specifically including her areolas and nipples. It can describe a woman who appears, poses, or performs with at least her breasts exposed, such as a "topless model" or "topless dancer", or to an activity undertaken while not wearing a top, such as "topless sunbathing". It may indicate a designated location where one might expect to find women not wearing tops, such as a "topless beach" or "topless bar". It can also be used to describe a garment that is specifically designed to reveal the breasts, such as the "topless swimsuit" (also known as the monokini) designed by Rudi Gernreich in the 1960s. [1] In Laos, Frenchman Henri Mouhot took a picture in 1858 of Laotian women that depicted virgins with clothed breasts and married women with their entire breasts exposed in public, because the baring of breasts for breastfeeding was considered to be nonsexual. [28] Indonesia Sea Dayaks (Iban) women from Rejang, Sarawak, Indonesia (c. 1910) Las españolas son las que más topless y nudismo hacen". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 3 April 2023 . Retrieved 10 June 2019.All adults can swim topless in City of Edmonton public pools". edmontonjournal. Archived from the original on 5 August 2023 . Retrieved 20 February 2023. Corte Suprema di Cassazione (26 February 2004). "ATTI CONTRARI ALLA PUBBLICA DECENZA – ESPOSIZIONE DEL CORPO NUDO SULLA PUBBLICA SPIAGGIA – COSTITUISCE VIOLAZIONE ALL'ART. 726 C.P." www.giustizia.it (in Italian). Ministero della Giustizia. Archived from the original on 26 February 2004 . Retrieved 19 April 2019. [...] diversamente da quella del seno nudo femminile, che ormai da vari lustri è comportamento comunemente accettato ed entrato nel costume sociale [...]