Padgett, Gary (2001). "Monthly Global Tropical Cyclone Summary for December 2000" . Retrieved 2006-03-31. a b DeCaria (2005-12-07). "ESCI 241 – Meteorology; Lesson 16 – Extratropical Cyclones". Department of Earth Sciences, Millersville University, Millersville, Pennsylvania. Archived from the original on September 3, 2006 . Retrieved 2006-10-21. a b Nina A. Zaitseva (2006). "Cyclogenesis". National Snow and Ice Data Center. Archived from the original on 2006-08-30 . Retrieved 2006-12-04. Although the Caliphate was formally abolished ninety years ago, it had already ceased to exist as a unitary and effectively administered political institution many centuries earlier. The ever widening gap between political ideal and historical reality is also reflected in the varying conceptualizations and theories of the Caliphate developed by Islamic religious scholars and Muslim intellectuals past and present. However, recent events in the Islamic world show that the idea of a Caliphate still appeals to Muslims of varying persuasions. RSMC Tokyo-Typhoon Center (March 24, 2018). "List of names for tropical cyclones adopted by the ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee for the western North Pacific and the South China Sea (valid as of 2018): Names of tropical cyclones". Japan Meteorological Agency. Archived from the original on December 12, 2009 . Retrieved September 4, 2015.

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Ellen Cohen (2009). "Jupiter's Great Red Spot". Hayden Planetarium. Archived from the original on 2007-08-08 . Retrieved 2007-11-16. Before joining KU Leuven, Kersten worked at King’s College London (2007-2022), lastly as Reader (Associate Professor) in the Study of Islam & the Muslim World. He has also been a tutor in the Divinity Programma of the University of London Worldwide (UoLW), a guest lecturer at the Institute of Ismaili Studies in London, and an associate lecturer at the Open University in the UK. Before moving to London, he was a faculty member of the Centre for Graduate and International Studies at Payap University in Chiang Mai and Academic Director (Thailand) of an American Study Abroad Programme. Prior to his career as a scholarly researcher and tertiary educator, Kersten worked for fifteen years as a manager, consultant and translator in the corporate world, including more than a decade as an expatriate in the Persian Gulf States. North Indian Ocean (45°E – 100°E) Cyclone Mocha at peak intensity while approaching Myanmar in May 2023Dramatic political events involving Muslims across the world have put Islam under increased scrutiny. However, the focus of this attention is generally limited to the political realm and often even further confined by constrictive views of Islamism narrowed down to its most extremist exponents. Much less attention is paid to the parallel development of more liberal alternative Islamic discourses. The final decades of the twentieth century have also seen the emergence of a Muslim intelligentsia exploring new and creative ways of engaging with the Islamic heritage. Drawing on advances made in the Western human sciences and understanding Islam in comprehensive terms as a civilisation rather than restricting it to religion in a conventional sense, their ideas often cause controversy, even inviting accusations of heresy. When a tropical depression intensifies into a tropical storm to the north of the Equator between the coastline of the Americas and 140°W, it will be named by the NHC. There are six lists of names which rotate every six years and begin with the letters A—Z used, skipping Q and U, with each name alternating between a male or a female name. [1] The names of significant tropical cyclones are retired from the lists, with a replacement name selected at the next meeting of the Hurricane Committee. [1] If all of the names on the annual name list are used, any additional tropical or subtropical storms will receive a name from a supplemental list. [12] List of Eastern Pacific tropical cyclone names

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Glossary of Meteorology (June 2000). "Mesocyclone". American Meteorological Society . Retrieved 2006-12-07. Indonesia’s Muslims are still pondering the role of religion in public life. Although the religious violence marring the transition towards democratic reform has ebbed, the Muslim community has polarised into reactionary and progressive camps with increasingly antagonistic views on the place of Islam in society. Debates over the underlying principles of democratisation have further heated up after a fatwa issued by conservative religious scholars condemned secularism, pluralism and liberalism as un-Islamic. Henry Piddington published 40 papers dealing with tropical storms from Calcutta between 1836 and 1855 in The Journal of the Asiatic Society. He also coined the term cyclone, meaning the coil of a snake. In 1842, he published his landmark thesis, Laws of the Storms. [18] Structure Comparison between extratropical and tropical cyclones on surface analysis Main: Hermetic Library | Features | Fellows | Figures | Forms | Fraternity | Fundamentals | Reflections National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 2005 Tropical Eastern North Pacific Hurricane Outlook. Retrieved on 2006-05-02.A tropical cyclone is a storm system characterized by a low-pressure center and numerous thunderstorms that produce strong winds and flooding rain. [46] A tropical cyclone feeds on heat released when moist air rises, resulting in condensation of water vapour contained in the moist air. [46] They are fueled by a different heat mechanism than other cyclonic windstorms such as nor'easters, European windstorms, and polar lows, leading to their classification as "warm core" storm systems. [46] [11] Hurricane Catarina, a rare South Atlantic tropical cyclone viewed from the International Space Station on March 26, 2004 Clark Evans (January 5, 2006). "Favorable trough interactions on tropical cyclones". Flhurricane.com. Archived from the original on October 17, 2006 . Retrieved 2006-10-20. Far, far below the deepest delvings of the Dwarves, the World is gnawed by nameless things. Even Sauron knows them not. They are older than he…” 18)